Lambda 함수에서 Amazon RDS 데이터베이스에 연결하기

Lambda 함수에서 Amazon RDS 데이터베이스에 연결하기

다음 코드 예시는 RDS 데이터베이스에 연결하는 Lambda 함수를 구현하는 방법을 보여줘요. 함수는 간단한 데이터베이스 요청을 수행하고 결과를 반환해요.

출처: AWS Lambda 개발자 안내서

본문

.NET

SDK for .NET GitHub에 더 많은 내용이 있어요. 전체 예시와 설정·실행 방법은 Serverless examples 저장소에서 확인하세요. .NET을 사용해서 Lambda 함수에서 Amazon RDS 데이터베이스에 연결해요.

using System.Data;
using System.Text.Json;
using Amazon.Lambda.APIGatewayEvents;
using Amazon.Lambda.Core;
using MySql.Data.MySqlClient;

// Assembly attribute to enable the Lambda function's JSON input to be converted into a .NET class.
[assembly: LambdaSerializer(typeof(Amazon.Lambda.Serialization.SystemTextJson.DefaultLambdaJsonSerializer))]

namespace aws_rds;

public class InputModel
{
    public string key1 { get; set; }
    public string key2 { get; set; }
}

public class Function
{
    /// <summary>
    // Handles the Lambda function execution for connecting to RDS using IAM authentication.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="input">The input event data passed to the Lambda function</param>
    /// <param name="context">The Lambda execution context that provides runtime information</param>
    /// <returns>A response object containing the execution result</returns>

    public async Task<APIGatewayProxyResponse> FunctionHandler(APIGatewayProxyRequest request, ILambdaContext context)
    {
        // Sample Input: {"body": "{\"key1\":\"20\", \"key2\":\"25\"}"}
        var input = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<InputModel>(request.Body);

        /// Obtain authentication token
        var authToken = RDSAuthTokenGenerator.GenerateAuthToken(
            Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("RDS_ENDPOINT"),
            Convert.ToInt32(Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("RDS_PORT")),
            Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("RDS_USERNAME")
        );

        /// Build the Connection String with the Token
        string connectionString = $"Server={Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("RDS_ENDPOINT")};" +
                                  $"Port={Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("RDS_PORT")};" +
                                  $"Uid={Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("RDS_USERNAME")};" +
                                  $"Pwd={authToken};";


        try
        {
            await using var connection = new MySqlConnection(connectionString);
            await connection.OpenAsync();

            const string sql = "SELECT @param1 + @param2 AS Sum";

            await using var command = new MySqlCommand(sql, connection);
            command.Parameters.AddWithValue("@param1", int.Parse(input.key1 ?? "0"));
            command.Parameters.AddWithValue("@param2", int.Parse(input.key2 ?? "0"));

            await using var reader = await command.ExecuteReaderAsync();
            if (await reader.ReadAsync())
            {
                int result = reader.GetInt32("Sum");

                //Sample Response: {"statusCode":200,"body":"{\"message\":\"The sum is: 45\"}","isBase64Encoded":false}
                return new APIGatewayProxyResponse
                {
                    StatusCode = 200,
                    Body = JsonSerializer.Serialize(new { message = $"The sum is: {result}" })
                };
            }

        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"Error: {ex.Message}");
        }

        return new APIGatewayProxyResponse
        {
            StatusCode = 500,
            Body = JsonSerializer.Serialize(new { error = "Internal server error" })
        };
    }
}

Go

SDK for Go V2 GitHub에 더 많은 내용이 있어요. 전체 예시와 설정·실행 방법은 Serverless examples 저장소에서 확인하세요. Go를 사용해서 Lambda 함수에서 Amazon RDS 데이터베이스에 연결해요.

/*
Golang v2 code here.
*/

package main

import (
	"context"
	"database/sql"
	"encoding/json"
	"fmt"
	"os"

	"github.com/aws/aws-lambda-go/lambda"
	"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/config"
	"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/feature/rds/auth"
	_ "github.com/go-sql-driver/mysql"
)

type MyEvent struct {
	Name string `json:"name"`
}

func HandleRequest(event *MyEvent) (map[string]interface{}, error) {

	var dbName string = os.Getenv("DatabaseName")
	var dbUser string = os.Getenv("DatabaseUser")
	var dbHost string = os.Getenv("DBHost") // Add hostname without https
	var dbPort int = os.Getenv("Port")      // Add port number
	var dbEndpoint string = fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", dbHost, dbPort)
	var region string = os.Getenv("AWS_REGION")

	cfg, err := config.LoadDefaultConfig(context.TODO())
	if err != nil {
		panic("configuration error: " + err.Error())
	}

	authenticationToken, err := auth.BuildAuthToken(
		context.TODO(), dbEndpoint, region, dbUser, cfg.Credentials)
	if err != nil {
		panic("failed to create authentication token: " + err.Error())
	}

	dsn := fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s@tcp(%s)/%s?tls=true&allowCleartextPasswords=true",
		dbUser, authenticationToken, dbEndpoint, dbName,
	)

	db, err := sql.Open("mysql", dsn)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}

	defer db.Close()

	var sum int
	err = db.QueryRow("SELECT ?+? AS sum", 3, 2).Scan(&sum)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	s := fmt.Sprint(sum)
	message := fmt.Sprintf("The selected sum is: %s", s)

	messageBytes, err := json.Marshal(message)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	messageString := string(messageBytes)
	return map[string]interface{}{
		"statusCode": 200,
		"headers":    map[string]string{"Content-Type": "application/json"},
		"body":       messageString,
	}, nil
}

func main() {
	lambda.Start(HandleRequest)
}

Java

SDK for Java 2.x GitHub에 더 많은 내용이 있어요. 전체 예시와 설정·실행 방법은 Serverless examples 저장소에서 확인하세요. Java를 사용해서 Lambda 함수에서 Amazon RDS 데이터베이스에 연결해요.

import com.amazonaws.services.lambda.runtime.Context;
import com.amazonaws.services.lambda.runtime.RequestHandler;
import com.amazonaws.services.lambda.runtime.events.APIGatewayProxyRequestEvent;
import com.amazonaws.services.lambda.runtime.events.APIGatewayProxyResponseEvent;
import software.amazon.awssdk.auth.credentials.DefaultCredentialsProvider;
import software.amazon.awssdk.regions.Region;
import software.amazon.awssdk.services.rdsdata.RdsDataClient;
import software.amazon.awssdk.services.rdsdata.model.ExecuteStatementRequest;
import software.amazon.awssdk.services.rdsdata.model.ExecuteStatementResponse;
import software.amazon.awssdk.services.rdsdata.model.Field;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;

public class RdsLambdaHandler implements RequestHandler<APIGatewayProxyRequestEvent, APIGatewayProxyResponseEvent> {

    @Override
    public APIGatewayProxyResponseEvent handleRequest(APIGatewayProxyRequestEvent event, Context context) {
        APIGatewayProxyResponseEvent response = new APIGatewayProxyResponseEvent();

        try {
            // Obtain auth token
            String token = createAuthToken();

            // Define connection configuration
            String connectionString = String.format("jdbc:mysql://%s:%s/%s?useSSL=true&requireSSL=true",
                    System.getenv("ProxyHostName"),
                    System.getenv("Port"),
                    System.getenv("DBName"));

            // Establish a connection to the database
            try (Connection connection = DriverManager.getConnection(connectionString, System.getenv("DBUserName"), token);
                 PreparedStatement statement = connection.prepareStatement("SELECT ? + ? AS sum")) {

                statement.setInt(1, 3);
                statement.setInt(2, 2);

                try (ResultSet resultSet = statement.executeQuery()) {
                    if (resultSet.next()) {
                        int sum = resultSet.getInt("sum");
                        response.setStatusCode(200);
                        response.setBody("The selected sum is: " + sum);
                    }
                }
            }

        } catch (Exception e) {
            response.setStatusCode(500);
            response.setBody("Error: " + e.getMessage());
        }

        return response;
    }

    private String createAuthToken() {
        // Create RDS Data Service client
        RdsDataClient rdsDataClient = RdsDataClient.builder()
                .region(Region.of(System.getenv("AWS_REGION")))
                .credentialsProvider(DefaultCredentialsProvider.create())
                .build();

        // Define authentication request
        ExecuteStatementRequest request = ExecuteStatementRequest.builder()
                .resourceArn(System.getenv("ProxyHostName"))
                .secretArn(System.getenv("DBUserName"))
                .database(System.getenv("DBName"))
                .sql("SELECT 'RDS IAM Authentication'")
                .build();

        // Execute request and obtain authentication token
        ExecuteStatementResponse response = rdsDataClient.executeStatement(request);
        Field tokenField = response.records().get(0).get(0);

        return tokenField.stringValue();
    }
}

JavaScript

SDK for JavaScript (v3) GitHub에 더 많은 내용이 있어요. 전체 예시와 설정·실행 방법은 Serverless examples 저장소에서 확인하세요. JavaScript를 사용해서 Lambda 함수에서 Amazon RDS 데이터베이스에 연결해요.

// Copyright Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
/*
Node.js code here.
*/
// ES6+ example
import { Signer } from "@aws-sdk/rds-signer";
import mysql from 'mysql2/promise';

async function createAuthToken() {
  // Define connection authentication parameters
  const dbinfo = {

    hostname: process.env.ProxyHostName,
    port: process.env.Port,
    username: process.env.DBUserName,
    region: process.env.AWS_REGION,

  }

  // Create RDS Signer object
  const signer = new Signer(dbinfo);

  // Request authorization token from RDS, specifying the username
  const token = await signer.getAuthToken();
  return token;
}

async function dbOps() {

  // Obtain auth token
  const token = await createAuthToken();
  // Define connection configuration
  let connectionConfig = {
    host: process.env.ProxyHostName,
    user: process.env.DBUserName,
    password: token,
    database: process.env.DBName,
    ssl: 'Amazon RDS'
  }
  // Create the connection to the DB
  const conn = await mysql.createConnection(connectionConfig);
  // Obtain the result of the query
  const [res,] = await conn.execute('select ?+? as sum', [3, 2]);
  return res;

}

export const handler = async (event) => {
  // Execute database flow
  const result = await dbOps();
  // Return result
  return {
    statusCode: 200,
    body: JSON.stringify("The selected sum is: " + result[0].sum)
  };
};

TypeScript를 사용해서 Lambda 함수에서 Amazon RDS 데이터베이스에 연결해요.

import { Signer } from "@aws-sdk/rds-signer";
import mysql from 'mysql2/promise';

// RDS settings
// Using '!' (non-null assertion operator) to tell the TypeScript compiler that the DB settings are not null or undefined,
const proxy_host_name = process.env.PROXY_HOST_NAME!
const port = parseInt(process.env.PORT!)
const db_name = process.env.DB_NAME!
const db_user_name = process.env.DB_USER_NAME!
const aws_region = process.env.AWS_REGION!


async function createAuthToken(): Promise<string> {

    // Create RDS Signer object
    const signer = new Signer({
        hostname: proxy_host_name,
        port: port,
        region: aws_region,
        username: db_user_name
    });

    // Request authorization token from RDS, specifying the username
    const token = await signer.getAuthToken();
    return token;
}

async function dbOps(): Promise<mysql.QueryResult | undefined> {
    try {
        // Obtain auth token
        const token = await createAuthToken();
        const conn = await mysql.createConnection({
            host: proxy_host_name,
            user: db_user_name,
            password: token,
            database: db_name,
            ssl: 'Amazon RDS' // Ensure you have the CA bundle for SSL connection
        });
        const [rows, fields] = await conn.execute('SELECT ? + ? AS sum', [3, 2]);
        console.log('result:', rows);
        return rows;
    }
    catch (err) {
        console.log(err);
    }
}

export const lambdaHandler = async (event: any): Promise<{ statusCode: number; body: string }> => {
    // Execute database flow
    const result = await dbOps();

    // Return error is result is undefined
    if (result == undefined)
        return {
            statusCode: 500,
            body: JSON.stringify(`Error with connection to DB host`)
        }

    // Return result
    return {
        statusCode: 200,
        body: JSON.stringify(`The selected sum is: ${result[0].sum}`)
    };
};

PHP

SDK for PHP GitHub에 더 많은 내용이 있어요. 전체 예시와 설정·실행 방법은 Serverless examples 저장소에서 확인하세요. PHP를 사용해서 Lambda 함수에서 Amazon RDS 데이터베이스에 연결해요.

<?php
# Copyright Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.
# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0

# using bref/bref and bref/logger for simplicity

use Bref\Context\Context;
use Bref\Event\Handler as StdHandler;
use Bref\Logger\StderrLogger;
use Aws\Rds\AuthTokenGenerator;
use Aws\Credentials\CredentialProvider;

require __DIR__ . '/vendor/autoload.php';

class Handler implements StdHandler
{
    private StderrLogger $logger;
    public function __construct(StderrLogger $logger)
    {
        $this->logger = $logger;
    }


    private function getAuthToken(): string {
        // Define connection authentication parameters
        $dbConnection = [
            'hostname' => getenv('DB_HOSTNAME'),
            'port' => getenv('DB_PORT'),
            'username' => getenv('DB_USERNAME'),
            'region' => getenv('AWS_REGION'),
        ];

        // Create RDS AuthTokenGenerator object
        $generator = new AuthTokenGenerator(CredentialProvider::defaultProvider());

        // Request authorization token from RDS, specifying the username
        return $generator->createToken(
            $dbConnection['hostname'] . ':' . $dbConnection['port'],
            $dbConnection['region'],
            $dbConnection['username']
        );
    }

    private function getQueryResults() {
        // Obtain auth token
        $token = $this->getAuthToken();

        // Define connection configuration
        $connectionConfig = [
            'host' => getenv('DB_HOSTNAME'),
            'user' => getenv('DB_USERNAME'),
            'password' => $token,
            'database' => getenv('DB_NAME'),
        ];

        // Create the connection to the DB
        $conn = new PDO(
            "mysql:host={$connectionConfig['host']};dbname={$connectionConfig['database']}",
            $connectionConfig['user'],
            $connectionConfig['password'],
            [
                PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_CA => '/path/to/rds-ca-2019-root.pem',
                PDO::MYSQL_ATTR_SSL_VERIFY_SERVER_CERT => true,
            ]
        );

        // Obtain the result of the query
        $stmt = $conn->prepare('SELECT ?+? AS sum');
        $stmt->execute([3, 2]);

        return $stmt->fetch(PDO::FETCH_ASSOC);
    }

    /**
     * @param mixed $event
     * @param Context $context
     * @return array
     */
    public function handle(mixed $event, Context $context): array
    {
        $this->logger->info("Processing query");

        // Execute database flow
        $result = $this->getQueryResults();

        return [
            'sum' => $result['sum']
        ];
    }
}

$logger = new StderrLogger();
return new Handler($logger);

Python

SDK for Python (Boto3) GitHub에 더 많은 내용이 있어요. 전체 예시와 설정·실행 방법은 Serverless examples 저장소에서 확인하세요. Python을 사용해서 Lambda 함수에서 Amazon RDS 데이터베이스에 연결해요.

import json
import os
import boto3
import pymysql

# RDS settings
proxy_host_name = os.environ['PROXY_HOST_NAME']
port = int(os.environ['PORT'])
db_name = os.environ['DB_NAME']
db_user_name = os.environ['DB_USER_NAME']
aws_region = os.environ['AWS_REGION']


# Fetch RDS Auth Token
def get_auth_token():
    client = boto3.client('rds')
    token = client.generate_db_auth_token(
        DBHostname=proxy_host_name,
        Port=port
        DBUsername=db_user_name
        Region=aws_region
    )
    return token

def lambda_handler(event, context):
    token = get_auth_token()
    try:
        connection = pymysql.connect(
            host=proxy_host_name,
            user=db_user_name,
            password=token,
            db=db_name,
            port=port,
            ssl={'ca': 'Amazon RDS'}  # Ensure you have the CA bundle for SSL connection
        )

        with connection.cursor() as cursor:
            cursor.execute('SELECT %s + %s AS sum', (3, 2))
            result = cursor.fetchone()

        return result

    except Exception as e:
        return (f"Error: {str(e)}")  # Return an error message if an exception occurs

Ruby

SDK for Ruby GitHub에 더 많은 내용이 있어요. 전체 예시와 설정·실행 방법은 Serverless examples 저장소에서 확인하세요. Ruby를 사용해서 Lambda 함수에서 Amazon RDS 데이터베이스에 연결해요.

# Ruby code here.

require 'aws-sdk-rds'
require 'json'
require 'mysql2'

def lambda_handler(event:, context:)
  endpoint = ENV['DBEndpoint'] # Add the endpoint without https"
  port = ENV['Port']           # 3306
  user = ENV['DBUser']
  region = ENV['DBRegion']     # 'us-east-1'
  db_name = ENV['DBName']

  credentials = Aws::Credentials.new(
    ENV['AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID'],
    ENV['AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY'],
    ENV['AWS_SESSION_TOKEN']
  )
  rds_client = Aws::RDS::AuthTokenGenerator.new(
    region: region,
    credentials: credentials
  )

  token = rds_client.auth_token(
    endpoint: endpoint+ ':' + port,
    user_name: user,
    region: region
  )

  begin
    conn = Mysql2::Client.new(
      host: endpoint,
      username: user,
      password: token,
      port: port,
      database: db_name,
      sslca: '/var/task/global-bundle.pem',
      sslverify: true,
      enable_cleartext_plugin: true
    )
    a = 3
    b = 2
    result = conn.query("SELECT #{a} + #{b} AS sum").first['sum']
    puts result
    conn.close
    {
      statusCode: 200,
      body: result.to_json
    }
  rescue => e
    puts "Database connection failed due to #{e}"
  end
end

Rust

SDK for Rust GitHub에 더 많은 내용이 있어요. 전체 예시와 설정·실행 방법은 Serverless examples 저장소에서 확인하세요. Rust를 사용해서 Lambda 함수에서 Amazon RDS 데이터베이스에 연결해요.

use aws_config::BehaviorVersion;
use aws_credential_types::provider::ProvideCredentials;
use aws_sigv4::{
    http_request::{sign, SignableBody, SignableRequest, SigningSettings},
    sign::v4,
};
use lambda_runtime::{run, service_fn, Error, LambdaEvent};
use serde_json::{json, Value};
use sqlx::postgres::PgConnectOptions;
use std::env;
use std::time::{Duration, SystemTime};

const RDS_CERTS: &[u8] = include_bytes!("global-bundle.pem");

async fn generate_rds_iam_token(
    db_hostname: &str,
    port: u16,
    db_username: &str,
) -> Result<String, Error> {
    let config = aws_config::load_defaults(BehaviorVersion::v2024_03_28()).await;

    let credentials = config
        .credentials_provider()
        .expect("no credentials provider found")
        .provide_credentials()
        .await
        .expect("unable to load credentials");
    let identity = credentials.into();
    let region = config.region().unwrap().to_string();

    let mut signing_settings = SigningSettings::default();
    signing_settings.expires_in = Some(Duration::from_secs(900));
    signing_settings.signature_location = aws_sigv4::http_request::SignatureLocation::QueryParams;

    let signing_params = v4::SigningParams::builder()
        .identity(&identity)
        .region(&region)
        .name("rds-db")
        .time(SystemTime::now())
        .settings(signing_settings)
        .build()?;

    let url = format!(
        "https://{db_hostname}:{port}/?Action=connect&DBUser={db_user}",
        db_hostname = db_hostname,
        port = port,
        db_user = db_username
    );

    let signable_request =
        SignableRequest::new("GET", &url, std::iter::empty(), SignableBody::Bytes(&[]))
            .expect("signable request");

    let (signing_instructions, _signature) =
        sign(signable_request, &signing_params.into())?.into_parts();

    let mut url = url::Url::parse(&url).unwrap();
    for (name, value) in signing_instructions.params() {
        url.query_pairs_mut().append_pair(name, &value);
    }

    let response = url.to_string().split_off("https://".len());

    Ok(response)
}

#[tokio::main]
async fn main() -> Result<(), Error> {
    run(service_fn(handler)).await
}

async fn handler(_event: LambdaEvent<Value>) -> Result<Value, Error> {
    let db_host = env::var("DB_HOSTNAME").expect("DB_HOSTNAME must be set");
    let db_port = env::var("DB_PORT")
        .expect("DB_PORT must be set")
        .parse::<u16>()
        .expect("PORT must be a valid number");
    let db_name = env::var("DB_NAME").expect("DB_NAME must be set");
    let db_user_name = env::var("DB_USERNAME").expect("DB_USERNAME must be set");

    let token = generate_rds_iam_token(&db_host, db_port, &db_user_name).await?;

    let opts = PgConnectOptions::new()
        .host(&db_host)
        .port(db_port)
        .username(&db_user_name)
        .password(&token)
        .database(&db_name)
        .ssl_root_cert_from_pem(RDS_CERTS.to_vec())
        .ssl_mode(sqlx::postgres::PgSslMode::Require);

    let pool = sqlx::postgres::PgPoolOptions::new()
        .connect_with(opts)
        .await?;

    let result: i32 = sqlx::query_scalar("SELECT $1 + $2")
        .bind(3)
        .bind(2)
        .fetch_one(&pool)
        .await?;

    println!("Result: {:?}", result);

    Ok(json!({
        "statusCode": 200,
        "content-type": "text/plain",
        "body": format!("The selected sum is: {result}")
    }))
}

더 알아보기 (Learn more)

AWS SDK 개발자 안내서와 코드 예시의 전체 목록은 AWS SDK와 함께 Lambda 사용을 참고하세요. 이 주제에는 시작하기와 이전 SDK 버전에 대한 정보도 포함돼 있어요.